ARM The Architecture For The Digital World  

Cortex-A5 Processor


Cortex-A5 Processor Image (View Larger Cortex-A5 Processor Image) The ARM Cortex™-A5 processor is the most energy efficient, lowest cost processor capable of delivering the internet to the widest possible range of devices: from ultra low cost handsets, feature phones and smart mobile devices, to pervasive embedded, consumer and industrial devices.

 

 

 

 


Overview

The Cortex-A5 processor provides a high-value migration path for existing ARM926EJ-S™ and ARM1176JZ-S™ processor designs.  It achieves better than ARM1176JZ-S performance, better power and energy efficiency than the ARM926EJ-S, and 100% Cortex-A compatibility.

These processors deliver high end features to power and cost sensitive applications, featuring

  • Multiprocessing capability for scalable, energy efficient performance
  • Optional floating point or NEON™ units for media and signal processing
  • Full application compatibility with the Cortex-A8, Cortex-A9, and Classic ARM processors
  • High performance memory system including caches and memory management unit

 


 

 

Applications

The Cortex-A5 is designed for applications which require virtual memory memory management for high level operating systems within an extremely low power profile.

Product Type 

 Application

 Mobile

 Feature Phones, Mobile PaymentsAudio    

 Home/Consumer

 Digital TV, DVD

 Embedded/Industrial

 MPU, Smart Meters

 


 

Area and Energy Efficiency

The most energy efficient applications processor that delivers the full internet

Industry leading energy efficiency means the Cortex-A5 gets more work done per unit of energy, which means longer battery life and less heat dissipation in mobile devices.

The Cortex-A5 is the smallest Cortex-A processor.

Tiny size:

  • Lowers manufacturing cost
  • Allows more low cost integration
  • Reduces leakage

 


 

Compatibility

The Cortex-A5 processor provides full instruction and feature compatibility with the higher performance Cortex-A8 and Cortex-A9 processors - all the way down to the operating system level.  The Cortex-A5 processor also maintains backwards application compatibility with Classic ARM processors including the ARM926EJ-S, ARM1176JZ-S, and ARM7TDMI®

 


ARM Cortex-A5 Performance, Power, and Area
 

 TSMC 40LP

 TSMC 40G
 Process Type/Nominal Voltage low leakage, 1.1V    performance, 1.0V
 Performance or Frequency Optimized Frequency Frequency
 Frequency 530 MHz >1GHz
 Area excluding RAMs/cache 0.27mm² 0.27mm²

     Area with 16K/16K cache

 0.53mm² 0.53mm²

     Area with 16K/16K cache + NEON    

 0.68mm² 0.68mm²
 Dynamic Power 0.12 mW/MHz <0.08mW/MHz
 Energy Efficiency    13 DMIPS/mW     >20 DMIPS/mW   

Core area, frequency range, and power consumption are heavily dependent on process, libraries and optimizations.

The numbers quoted above are illustrative of synthesized cores using general purpose process technologies and ARM standard cell libraries and RAMs.

 
ARM High Performance SC12 logic library and performance RAMs
Frequency optimized
85% Utilization
Frequency at Slow Silicon/Vdd-10% (1.0V)/125C
10% OCV and 50ps clock uncertainty
Power at Typical Silicon/Vdd (1.1V)/25C
All nominal Vt transistors


Cortex-A5

 Architecture 

 ARMv7-A Cortex
 Dhrystone Performance 1.57 DMIPS / MHz per core
 Multicore

 1-4 cores

Single core version also available

 ISA Support
 Memory Management ARMv7 Memory Management Unit
 Debug & Trace CoreSight™ DK-A5

 

 

Cortex-A5 Key Features
Thumb-2 Technology

Delivers the peak performance of traditional ARM code while also providing up to a 30% reduction in memory required to store instructions.  

TrustZone® Technology

Ensures reliable implementation of security applications ranging from digital rights management to electronic payment. Broad support from technology and industry Partners.

NEON Media Processing Engine (MPE)

The optional Cortex-A5 NEON MPE provides both the performance and functionality of the Cortex-A5 Floating Point Unit plus an implementation of the ARM NEON Advanced SIMD instruction set for further acceleration of media and signal processing functions.

The MPE extends the Cortex-A5 Floating Point Unit (FPU) an additional register set supporting a rich set of SIMD operations over  8, 16, and 32-bit integer and 32-bit Floating-Point data types.

Floating Point Unit (FPU)

The optional Cortex-A5 FPU is an implementation of the ARM Vector Floating Point v3 architecture, with 16 double-precision registers (VFPv3-D16). The unit provides floating-point computation functionality that is compliant with the ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985, IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754).

The FPU supports all data-processing instructions and data types in the VFPv3 architecture and fully supports single-precision and double-precision add, subtract, multiply, divide, multiply and accumulate, and square root operations. It also provides conversions between fixed-point and floating-point data formats, and floating-point constant instructions.

Jazelle RCT and DBX Technology

Provides up to 3x reduction on code size for Just-in-time (JIT) and ahead-of-time compilation of bytecode languages while also supporting direct byte code execution of Java instructions for acceleration in traditional virtual machines

Configurable L1 Caches

The power optimized L1 Instruction and Data Caches are individually configurable from 4-64K.  Optimized instances of ARM SRAMs are available.

High Performance AXI Bus

The Cortex-A5 implements a 64-bit unified AXI bus that supports multiple outstanding transactions, and has over 3x the memory bandwidth of the ARM1176JZ-S.

 Advanced Multicore Technologies

Scoop Control Unit (SCU)

The SCU is the central intelligence in the ARM multicore technology and is responsible for managing the interconnect, arbitration, communication, cache-2-cache and system memory transfers, cache coherence and other capabilities for all multicore technology enabled processors.

The Cortex-A5 MPCore processor also exposes these capabilities to other system accelerators and non-cached DMA driven mastering peripherals so as to increase the performance and reduce the system wide power consumption by sharing access to the processor’s cache hierarchy. This system coherence also reduces the software complexity involved in otherwise maintaining software coherence within each OS driver.

Accelerator Coherence Port (ACP)

This AMBA® 3 AXI™ compatible slave interface on the SCU provides an interconnect point for a range of system masters that - for overall system performance, power consumption or reasons of software simplification - are better interfaced directly with the Cortex-A5 MPCore processor.

The interface acts as a standard AMBA 3 AXI slave, and supports all standard read and write transactions without any additional coherence requirements placed on attached components. However, any read transactions to a coherent region of memory will interact with the SCU to test whether the required information is already stored within the processor L1 caches. If it is, it is returned directly to the requesting component. If it missed in the L1 cache, then there is also the opportunity to hit in L2 cache before finally being forwarded to the main memory.

For write transactions to any coherent memory region, the SCU will enforce coherence before the write is forwarded to the memory system. The transaction may also optionally allocate into the L2 cache hence removing the power and performance impact of writing directly through to the off chip memory

Generic Interrupt Controller (GIC)

Implementing the recently standardized and architected ARM interrupt controller, the GIC provides a rich and flexible approach to inter-processor communication and the routing and prioritisation of system interrupts. Supporting up to 224 independent interrupts under software control, each interrupt can be distributed across CPU, hardware prioritised, and routed between the operating system and TrustZone software management layer. This routing flexibility and the support for virtualization of interrupts into the operating system, provides one of the key features required to enhance the capabilities of a solution utilizing a paravirtualization manager.


As the centrepiece of many next-generation devices the Cortex-A5 processor is commonly integrated with many other IP blocks.

System IP

System IP components are essential for building complex system on chips and by utilizing System IP components developers can significantly reduce development and validation cycles, saving cost and reducing time to market.

DescriptionAMBA BusSystem IP Components
Advanced AMBA 3 Interconnect IP

AXI

NIC-301, PL301

DMA Controller

AXI

DMA-330 , PL330

Level 2 Cache Controller

AXI

L2C-310 , PL310

Dynamic Memory Controller

AXI

DMC-340 , PL340

DDR2 Dynamic Memory Controller

AXI

DMC-342

Static Memory Controller

AXI

SMC-35x , PL35x

TrustZone Address Space Controller

AXI

PL380

CoreSight™ Design Kit

ATB

CDK-11

Media Processors
The Mali™ family of products combine to provide the complete graphics stack for all embedded graphics needs, enabling device manufacturers and content developers to deliver the highest quality, cutting edge graphics solutions across the broadest range of consumer devices.
Mali-200 GPUHigh performance graphical processor providing advanced 2D and 3D acceleration. Supports OpenGL ES 2.0

Mali-55GPU

The Mali-55 GPU is the world’s smallest OpenGL ES 1.1 compliant GPU using the Mali tile-based rendering architecture to maximize the efficiency of energy usage in displaying graphical images and to minimize the bandwidth demands on the system.

 

Physical IP

ARM® Physical IP Platforms deliver process optimized IP, for best-in-class implementations of the Cortex-A5 processor at 28nm and below.
Standard Cell Logic LibrariesAvailable in a variety of different architectures ARM Standard Cell Libraries support a wide performance range for all types of SoC designs. Designers can choose between different libraries and optimize their designs for speed, power and/or area
Memory Compilers and RegistersA broad array of silicon proven SRAM, Register File and ROM memory compilers for all types of SoC designs ranging from performance critical to cost sensitive and low power applications.
Interface LibrariesA broad portfolio of silicon-proven Interface IP designed to meet varying system architectures and standards. General Purpose I/O, Specialty I/O, High Speed DDR and Serial Interfaces are optimized to deliver high data throughput performance with low pin counts.

 

Tools Support

All ARM processors are supported by the ARM RealView® portfolio of development tools, as well as a wide range of third party tools, operating system and EDA vendors. ARM RealView tools are unique in their ability to provide solutions that span the complete development process from concept to final product deployment.


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